Problem:
You have a domain controller in your network, and the PC/servers joined to that domain are not reachable by "ping", however, is possible to run Remote Desktop and connect remotely to the PC/server.
Solution:
One of the less obvious solution (after troubleshooting network) is that the firewall in your domain controller has the ICMP rule for in File and Printer Sharing group disabled. Enable this rule following the steps in the image below and you’ll be able to ping your devices.